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Just four weeks ago, the Midwest came alive with reports of unidentified flying objects,

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scores of persons told of UFOs in an area of about 900 square miles in four states.

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The Air Force sent its chief investigator on UFOs, Dr. J. Alan Hynek, to find an answer.

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His answer came less than two days later.

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They told me that it is characteristic of swamps to develop quite a bit of marsh gas.

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I can't prove that this is the case, but it seems to me a very likely explanation.

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Rarely has an explanation been greeted with such hostility.

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Ann Arbor Sheriff Douglas Harvey said of Dr. Hynek,

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He's all right. Last night he was in my office.

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He told me he had no idea what it was, but he said the Pentagon said that he had to make a statement tomorrow.

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I'm Jim Nettleton, and this is WDRC's hot seat.

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Tonight and next week, UFOs. The mystery and the challenge.

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Music

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Unidentified flying objects are nothing new.

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Neither of the mysterious phenomena can find in the territorial boundaries of these United States.

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As far back as 3000 BC, people were seeing things in the sky they couldn't explain.

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Off and on through the centuries, reports of what we now call UFOs were made from every quarter of the Earth.

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During the past few years, the public has become increasingly interested in UFOs,

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and the amount of publicity given reports has been increasing proportionately.

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In recent months, no series of reports received greater notoriety than the week-long rash from the Midwest.

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And no series of reports was clouded in greater controversy.

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It all started March 8th in Chesterton, Indiana.

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A service station attendant and a customer watched an oblong UFO hover over them for about four minutes.

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They said it looked silver and had four projections on its top.

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That was Tuesday. By the weekend, UFOs were being reported in Indiana, Wisconsin, and Michigan.

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In Ann Arbor, Michigan, Washington, all county deputies, Buford Bush Row and John Foster were riding in their patrol car,

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marked 14th in the early morning, when they spotted a mysterious flying object maneuvering at about 10,000 feet.

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They followed the object which was flashing blueish-green and red lights toward the county line,

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where they reported it was joined by three similar objects.

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The two deputies, radioed two other patrol cars, occupied by four other officers,

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who confirmed the number of objects and the type of maneuvers.

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All agreed that the maneuvers were taking place at tremendous speed.

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In the days that followed, scores of persons reported seeing similar objects doing similar things.

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In La Port, Indiana, patrolman Michael Spevac saw a yellowish-white object with an X-shaped appendage like an antenna protruding from it.

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In Black River Falls, Wisconsin, several persons saw UFOs with bright green lights and heard a beeping sound.

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In Grand Rapids, Michigan, eight people reported a large over-UFO with a row of lights which made a humming sound.

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In Dexter, Michigan, police reported a disc-like object with lights, a rough surface, and antenna-like projections on the bottom.

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In Hillsdale, the civil defense director, the dean of a women's college and 87 students reported an oval object which hovered and maneuvered for three hours.

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And there were many, many others.

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The following week, the Air Force decided to look into the sightings.

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Project Blue Book, the official Air Force investigative agency on unidentified flying objects, sent Dr. J. Allen Heineck, its chief civilian consultant of UFOs, to probe the affair.

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Dr. Heineck is chairman of the Department of Astronomy at Northwestern University.

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On Friday, March 25th, Dr. Heineck reported his findings.

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I spoke with him shortly after his public report, and he elaborated further.

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Michigan sightings, they were not, in my opinion, Charlie representative's cases.

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These two cases, I think, have a natural explanation.

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They both occurred in the swampy area of the many people who reported the sightings.

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Only two reported any object connected with it.

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All the others, when I question them closely, can find themselves through light, and particularly a glow of light, red, yellow, and green light.

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I did check this with specialists in the field, and they told me that it is characteristic of the swamp to, because of the rotting vegetation, to develop quite a bit of marsh gas.

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And this marsh gas is a various kind. It is a CH4 methane, an H2S, and it is also a CH3 phosphine, and also a very important component, a PH4, a P2H4, which is an impurity which ignites spontaneously in air.

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And this can ignite all the other marsh gas.

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Now, as I said in my release, I can't prove that this is the case in a court of law or anything like that, but it seems to me a very likely explanation.

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Law officers and residents of the area had at one time or another seen the effects the doctor was talking about, but they pointed out that most of the sightings took place over solid ground and a good many involved maneuvering flashing lights at a distinct shape.

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Dr. Heineck's belief in marsh gases was not exactly welcomed by Ann Arbor Sheriff Douglas Harvey, who had some interesting things to tell me.

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Because if he's going to say it's marsh gases, I'll tell you now, and I'll do respect to Professor Heineck. He's on wet.

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I think this is a flowered up deal because last night he was in my office, and this is what my statement will contain.

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And at 11 o'clock he had no statement whatsoever to make. He told me he had no idea what it was, but he said the Pentagon said that he had to make a statement tomorrow.

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He said, I don't know what I'm going to say. So overnight he comes up with this theory.

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And Mr. Richard Hall, Assistant Director of the National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena, was equally opposed to the marsh gas theory.

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We have a very authoritative statement from definitive work on the subject of visual phenomena, and it's a book by Nenair, the nature of light and color in the open air.

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This describes so-called Willow the Wisp, which is the visual part of swamp gas when it ignites in some manner that is not understood by science.

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And it gives a detailed description of the appearance of it and the chemical nature of it.

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And basically it is nothing but flickering lights about the intensity of kindle lights that rise a few inches or at most a few feet above a marshy area.

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If there is a breeze it might drift around just a little bit, but it does not take geometrical shapes.

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It does not fly around across the sky or fly in formations, as many of these Michigan reports have stated.

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The swamp gas explanation by Dr. Heineck was applied only to two out of dozens of cases.

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We have several dozen reports from deputy sheriffs up there.

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The day before the official explanation, according to William Van Horn, Hillsdale County Civil Defense Director, a train crew reported the UFO pacing their train for seven miles.

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And Van Horn and ten other witnesses watched the UFO through binoculars at an estimated height of 18,000 feet.

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Radar at the Willow Run station reportedly confirmed the sighting.

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What about the Michigan sightings as a whole?

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Interesting as they are, just how did they stack up against others?

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I asked Dr. Heineck.

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Isn't it true, Dr., that although the Michigan sightings did receive a great deal of publicity, there was nothing particularly unusual about them as far as sightings go?

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Yes, that is correct. I would say that if somebody wanted to pick some exciting sightings, they could have picked much better ones than this.

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The controversy that billowed and swirled around the Michigan affair is not a new one.

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On countless other occasions, the Air Force as a whole, and Project Blue Book in particular, has been accused of purposely distorting information on UFO reports,

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issuing cover-up explanations and generally sweeping the subject under the rug, at least publicly.

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Controversy also raged in the aftermath of sightings over a four-state western area, when the Air Force explained the UFOs as actually being the planet Jupiter and four stars.

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Astronomers angrily reported that Jupiter and those particular stars were at that time visible only from the other side of the world.

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Robert Grisser, director of the Oklahoma Science and Art Foundation Planetarium, was quoted as saying,

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This is as far from the truth as you can get.

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Law enforcement officers in the states involved also expressed amazement at planets and stars that could travel the skies in diamond-shaped formation, alter their course, and be picked up on radar.

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An editorial in the Alameda, California Times star last August had some bitter words about Project Blue Book's investigation.

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After a rash of sightings through an eight-state area, the explanations all boiled down to weather balloons, comets, planets, and other familiar objects.

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The editorial said, and we quote,

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Just how the Air Force was able to tell that the hundreds of reports of UFOs from an area about as large as free Europe were faulty, and especially how they were able to do it within 24 hours of the time the reports came in, must rank as one of the most remarkable examples of lightning-like mass diagnosis of all time.

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Unquote.

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What about the charge so frequently leveled at the Air Force? Are they really withholding information?

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One man who should know is former Major Dewey Fornette, Jr., United States Air Force, retired.

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Mr. Fornette was the Air Force Headquarters Monitor of Project Blue Book for several years.

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He prepared analyses of UFO data for the Air Force and served as liaison officer between the Dayton Project and the Pentagon.

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I asked Major Fornette if he thought the men in blue were living up to their responsibility in the UFO investigation.

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The Air Force is doing somewhat of a disservice, but being overly paternalistic by releasing only the information that they feel will avoid panic among the public.

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I've called it this point all along with they should stop up the investigation. I don't think they've ever given it the attention that they should.

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A concurring opinion was recently given by the Christian Science Monitor, in an editorial in which the distinguished newspaper called for a thorough look at the UFO mystery.

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During the height of the Michigan affair, Representative Gerald Ford had issued a demand for a congressional investigation into the entire problem.

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Earrings on Ford's demands were held and were quickly ended. Secretary to the Air Force Dr. Harold Brown told Why.

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We have not been hiding anything. The investigations have been made public. The explanations of those where there is a clear explanation have been made public.

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In those cases where for lack of data or lack of a convincing hypothesis, the citing has been kept in the unidentified category, we've been perfectly willing to say that too.

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Although Dr. Brown professed that the official policy is not one of withholding information, it is a matter of record that Air Force Regulation 200-2 states plainly that details of a citing may be released only if positively identified as a familiar or known object.

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And paragraph 11 restricts Air Force personnel from publicly discussing UFOs. And the Joint Chiefs of Staff Directive known as JANAP-146 states that unauthorized transmission or revelation of the contents of citing reports by military or civilian aircraft crews under certain conditions in any manner is prohibited.

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Major Donald Kehoe, Director of the National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena, had this to say about restricting information.

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Well, I'm sure that they are withholding it because they don't allow anybody to talk unless they go through headquarters.

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They're what they can, base commanders can explain objects if they're absolutely identified as something confessional.

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Otherwise, what they do is just put out general statements except when they're forced to comment on something specific.

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And there have been other cases where we know we can prove that they have put out a statement which was false, false answer, and then they've had to retract.

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They did that in the extra case and the deputy sheriff's case in Texas and there have been others where they put out an answer and then took it back and tried to not admit them and then took it back and tried to spare them.

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So that is, I would say that crews were holding right away when they were giving false answers.

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They were holding the fact that these are unknown but still it's beyond that to many, many things that they're keeping back.

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I asked Walter Webb, Chief Lecturer in Astronomy at Charles Hayden Planetarium in Boston what he thought of the collapse of the Congressional probe.

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I entirely expected, as far as I'm concerned, they were just listening to the Air Force side of it so they couldn't really expect anything new.

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But it kind of kind of drilled forward as it was pressing for an investigation.

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Finally, he convinced the Senate Armed Services Committee to hold preliminary hearings just to see if an Air Force investigation was necessary.

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And so what happened? They called in just the Air Force side.

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They reassured the Congressman that everything was all right. They were going to conduct their own probe to the unknowns.

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And they hit the chairman of the subcommittee and said, well, that's fine with us.

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Well, that was it.

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If there's nothing to it, it seems the disgrace of the Air Force is so strongly opposed to congressional hearings.

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Well, they've done their best over the past few years to knock it down.

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While the attention of the press was on Michigan, the rest of the country and the world was also having its share of reports of UFOs.

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In Ringwood, New Jersey on March 11th, the mother superior of a convent that saw a bright UFO over abandoned mines.

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She reported that a distant light flashed as if signaling.

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In Key West, Florida, March 23rd, there were many reports of several disc-shaped UFOs with lights flickering around their rims, streaking over the city, stopping, and then flying away.

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On the same date in Trinidad, Colorado, two Shawnee oval objects were sighted flying over a mountain ridge.

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And in Columbus, Georgia on March 28th, two airport control towers reported a glowing oblong object that was seen visually and tracked on radar, maneuvering high in the sky.

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Police officer Irleby, who is also a witness, told me...

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I see it's past the moment and also this morning over Columbus.

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Same thing.

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That's right.

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Is this over that army-restricted area?

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It was mostly over Fort... the Lawson Field Air Force, right, over Fort Bennett.

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Now, I understand that two airport-controlled tower officers also reported this.

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That's correct. One of them was the Tower Control Lawson Field, the Mascogie County Airport, and the other one was at the Lawson Field Air Force Tower.

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Closer to home, radio operator Peter Gagliata said, Tweed, New Haven Airport, watch to UFO from the roof of the airport with binoculars after receiving dozens of calls about it on March 30th.

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He told me...

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He writes it for about three or four minutes, and they came in police.

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They went down and they were far... they had seen it.

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It was just moving there, and I know it was an airplane.

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Couldn't possibly be an airplane.

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An airplane, the lights go on, one light goes off, you know, and a snapping motion.

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This was two lights that were going out simultaneously, and they weren't going out in a snapping motion.

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They were sort of going from bright to dim, dim, dim, and then brightened up again, you know, very slowly.

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Sightings were also reported in New Hampshire, Maine, Chelmsford, Massachusetts, and in several western states.

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Many of these cases are obviously due to natural phenomenon, to fraud, to mistaken identity of familiar objects, and so on.

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But in many more cases, even a once-overnightly explanation is never given, leaving the public in somewhat a best state of confusion.

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Mr. George Ervy is president of the Connecticut Chapter of the National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena,

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and an administrative engineer with a major aerospace firm here in the state.

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I asked him why the delay, and in some cases the absence of reports.

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The Air Force is often quite slow to get into the field, and they often quit once they have ascertained to the best of their feelings,

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that the object is not a threat to the United States.

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I think much more could be done.

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There have been a number of cases where the Air Force people have seemingly tried to slough off sightings,

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or tried to say that the witnesses were not competent and really not taken interest in them.

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And I don't think that this is a good thing to do from an objective scientific viewpoint.

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The increase in sightings and the increase in public attention, serious articles like those,

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and Look, the Saturday Review, Life Magazine television programs are forcing a greater public awareness upon the Air Force,

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and they're not going to be able to, shall we say, get away with some of their less scientific and more casual approaches to the subject.

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One of the major problems in investigation seems to be the fact that many observers are reluctant to report a sighting for fear of ridicule,

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and quite often months and even years go by before information reaches investigative agencies.

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Well-known people are not immune to this type of reluctance, as in the case of Arthur Godfrey, famous television and radio personality.

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Mr. Godfrey recently disclosed on his network radio show an encounter he had with a UFO several years ago.

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Godfrey is an accomplished pilot, and the sighting took place as he was flying his private plane from New York to Washington.

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Near Philadelphia, Godfrey and his co-pilot radioed the Federal Aviation Agency tower in the city and reported a near brush with a brilliantly lighted object.

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The tower confirmed that there was no air traffic scheduled near the area at the time.

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Godfrey reported that the object paced his plane off his right wing, circled the aircraft, and came up on the left.

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He said he put his plane through several evasive maneuvers, but the UFO followed closely no matter what he did.

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It was a few minutes later that the object veered off and disappeared in the distance.

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Godfrey, a reliable pilot with everything from propeller planes to Air Force jet flights behind him, is a colonel in the Air Force Reserve.

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Another case that did not come to public attention immediately originated in northern Michigan.

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This one was last summer. According to United Press International, the Air Force radar base at Kiebeloff Peninsula reported solid radar contact with 7 to 10 unidentified objects moving in V formation over Lake Superior.

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They reportedly were heading northwest at about 9,000 miles an hour at altitudes of from 5,000 to 17,000 feet.

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About the same time, jet interceptors gave chase to 7 unidentified objects over Duluth, but were easily out distance.

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Last June, during the flight of astronauts James McDivitt and Edward White in their Gemini spacecraft, McDivitt reported seeing an object with big arms relatively near the Gemini ship.

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Pictures were taken, and the first explanation was that astronaut McDivitt had actually seen America's Pegasus satellite about 10 miles away in a similar orbit.

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But the space detection and tracking system showed the Gemini 4 and the Pegasus were 1,200 miles apart at the time of the sightings.

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That explanation was dropped. Within 24 hours, back it came, with a supplementary explanation that the first radar fixes were imprecise to the tune of 1,200 miles.

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Experts pointed out that this was a glaring error for a tracking system that boasts of being able to pinpoint the location of all Earth launch satellites at any time.

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On February 11th of this year, a UFO described as having a dome-shaped top was spotted over Skowhegan, Maine, and was tracked by the radar of Dow Air Force Base in Bangor.

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Two Skowhegan policemen turned in the first report, which was closely followed by that of a motorist.

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The Skowhegan Police Department Record and the Federal Aviation Station at Augusta confirmed the radar tracking of an object making tight turns at low altitude.

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Dow Air Force Base later publicly explained the sightings as ground clutter, probably weather.

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Where can the line be drawn and explanations of UFOs as familiar objects or aircraft in the top secret category?

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I asked Congressman Craig Hausner, former Atomic Energy Commission counsel, about his outlook on unidentified flying objects and on some of the more common explanations.

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I neither believe nor disbelieve in them. As a matter of fact, I think that it's quite possible that these are something.

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Actually, since he's equal, and is in counter with a flying saucer back in the Old Testament, these people have been seeing this kind of phenomena.

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So we can rule out the fact that it's nothing. I think we can also rule out the fact that it could be a hoax.

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There just aren't that many hoaxers over that many centuries. Possibly too, we should rule out the fact that these phenomena are hallucinations.

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There's been no psychiatric explanation for anything of that nature, and these sightings have been too persistent to lead us to believe that it's in the hallucination category.

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I think the recurrence of these things has been so frequent over such a long period of time that we must attribute them to something that does in fact exist.

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But it's come time now to have responsible people talk about it.

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On the subject of top secret American or Russian aircraft, other experts point out that experimental models are never built on a massive scale for obvious reasons.

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And if UFOs were explainable in this way, it would mean a tremendous fleet of experimental craft has been in operation for nearly 25 years, a highly unlikely possibility.

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Dr. J. Allen Heineck, the Air Force Consultant on UFO Investigation, has said ridicule is not part of the scientific method.

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Yet ridicule still plays a great part in the perpetual drama of unidentified flying objects.

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Many newspapers and other communications media have a field day every so often with what they feel is a particular time of year when psychological seasonal effects produce UFOs of greater intensity.

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I asked Dr. Heineck about this.

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Dr. J. Allen Heer, the Air Force Consultant, The Air Force Consultant, The Air Force Consultant, The Air Force, A.M.

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Heer are a lot these days in some of the editorials that have been written in newspapers about the so called silly season of flying saucers.

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Now, it seems to me that actually in reality the press themselves are really responsible for this so called silly season,

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since the sightings really go on all year round from all over the world.

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Dr. Heer, the sightings go all year round and in the past waves of sightings have generally come in July, and there's a lot of people outside.

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Actually, as far as real concentrations of sightings go, there are relatively few.

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That's correct.

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Another popular misconception is that there has not been a single physical corroboration photographically or otherwise.

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The Air Force denies that it has in its possession any photographs of UFOs, either still or movies.

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Major Donald Keyho, director of the National Investigations Committee on aerial phenomena, says not so.

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And several witnesses to sightings have told of being shown an Air Force file of over 300 photographs

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so they could pick out the one that most closely resembled what they had seen.

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And it is a fact that the Dayton project has at least three and quite probably more motion pictures which have never been made public.

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Mr. Richard Hall, assistant director of NYCAP, told me...

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The films were submitted to the Air Force and kept secret for many years and were revealed to the public by Major Keyho.

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Their existence was denied repeatedly, but time has proven out the correctness of Major Keyho's reporting.

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Both were analyzed by the best laboratories in existence at that time, including the Anacostia Naval photographic laboratory nearby in Washington

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and the Air Force photographic people at Riot Patterson, and they could not explain the objects.

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These films were also analyzed by Dr. Robert M. L. Baker, Jr., who is an astrophysicist.

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We have a copy of his detailed analysis report. He did a photogrammetric study studying the pattern of motion of the objects,

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and he too could not account for these objects in any conventional terms.

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Later on, the public relations people in the Pentagon issued a flat statement that the Utah film in particular, Cremont in Utah,

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had been clearly identified as Seagulls, and this is totally unfounded.

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And Major Dewey Fornette, the former liaison officer between the Dayton Project and the Pentagon,

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has confirmed the Air Force possession of the films and is on record as refuting the Seagulls' explanation in the Cremontan movies.

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In Beaver County, Pennsylvania last August, the son of a professional photographer for the Air National Guard

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took two pictures of a UFO that was reported by many persons in the area.

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James Lucci turned over the negatives for analysis to the Beaver County Times,

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a newspaper of considerable reputation which confirmed their authenticity.

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Reporter Thomas Schley, when bestigated the incident, gave me the story.

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It was, I think around 11 o'clock a night, this boy and a couple of his friends, his name is Jim Lucci.

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They had a camera set up, he was shooting time explosions of the moon.

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He showed us both negatives, we could take both negatives and lay one on top of the other,

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and we could line up the two tree lines from each negative, and also the moon image.

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In the image that he photographed was down to the, I will say the lower left,

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and in the second photograph it had moved much closer, it would of course be higher on the negative,

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but it was clear over to the right side of the moon image.

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And it's the picture that was in the magazine, all of our people were totally convinced,

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I couldn't see a thing wrong with them.

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Me, the photograph, two photographs, especially when you view them together, rather impressive evidence.

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Walter Webb of the Charles Hayden Planetarium in Boston added his approval.

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That's quite a convincing photograph. That Beaver Falls, that's what anyone would have given.

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The Air Force, interestingly enough, has not yet released a public statement,

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but the Beaver County Times called the Blue Book Investigator's Attitude elusive and mysterious,

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and added that one spokesman described the official position by answering a request for information by saying,

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my mouth is zippered. In California last August,

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highway inspector Rex Heflin took three pictures of a UFO near San Diego.

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The Air Force called the photos a hoax, and said the object shown was a small disk that had been thrown in the air by Heflin or someone helping him.

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The man's supervisor vouched for his integrity as did other reliable sources.

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And MyCap carried on an intensive investigation headed by Dr. Leslie Kibern of Los Angeles with North American aviation engineer John R. Gray.

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Analysis of the pictures shed new light on the affair.

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Ralph Rankow of New York City, photographic expert, called the Air Force explanation impossible.

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Other pictures and color films of UFOs have also been thoroughly analyzed,

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not only in this country, but in many foreign nations as well.

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One controversial physical effect of UFOs is the much debated electromagnetic phenomenon.

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Exactly what is it? What is its effect?

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I asked George Early, president of the Connecticut chapter of MyCap.

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There have been a number of instances by responsible witnesses where a UFO was passed relatively close, say, 100, 200 feet away.

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And car engines have quit.

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The lights have gone out.

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The radios, in some cases radios, police radios in communication with the police station have gone out.

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The entire electrical system has simply failed for some reason.

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And then when the UFO moved some distance away, the electrical system was able to be generated again.

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The car was able to be started and radio contact was again resumed.

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Anybody who has been plagued on the radio or their television by interference from a ham radio set or from a doctor's shortwave diatherming machine knows what happens

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when the normal shielding on this equipment breaks down.

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Richard Hall, assistant director of the National Organization, had some further comments.

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The latest cases we have of that type occurred in Long Island on March 30th.

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The evening of March 30th there were a couple of independent sightings.

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They might have been related, but we can't prove it.

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One of which involved a UFO that came down and passed over an automobile.

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The man did not see the object at first until he started experiencing motor trouble, stopped to investigate and then saw the object.

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And also on the same evening there was a case where the UFO was observed and the animals reacted very violently and were quite agitated as the UFO was present.

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And of course this ties in exactly with the sightings in Exeter, New Hampshire on September 3rd, 1965 when exactly the same thing happened.

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What about the famous Exeter, New Hampshire case? Is there solid evidence?

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What are the facts on the Captain Ryan Airliner chase affair?

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The Killian case? The Far East chase? The disappearing jet over Lake Superior?

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Why hasn't an official investigative agency traced down reports of UFOs before and during the strangely frequent power blackouts of the past year?

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Have there been any landings soundly reported? How about foreign countries with UFO reports? And what are UFOs? And if real, where could they come from?

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Next week we'll go after answers to these and many more questions.

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Among the voices you'll hear will be John Fuller, the man who spent more than a month investigating the Exeter, New Hampshire sightings.

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Witnesses to the one acute New Jersey sightings. Barney Hill, the man who may actually have been taken aboard a UFO.

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Dr. William Pickering of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California.

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Dr. Frank Salisbury of Colorado State University.

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And Walter Webb of the Charles Hayden Planetarium in Boston with some interesting revelations about the Mariner 4 pictures of Mars.

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And many others. We know you'll find next Sunday night's installment interesting and provocative as we present part two of UFOs, The Mystery and the Challenge.

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This is Jim Nettleton.

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Last fall, Exeter, New Hampshire was the site of some of the most dramatic reports of UFOs in recent years.

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Tonight we'll speak with witnesses involved in the Exeter sightings as well as many other similar cases on part two of UFOs, The Mystery and the Challenge on WDRC's hot seat.

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I'm Jim Nettleton.

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September 3rd, 1965.

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Norman Muscarello of Exeter, New Hampshire was walking along Route 150 when a red lighted object swooped down over trees nearby.

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He watched it while it hovered over a house and quietly left.

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Muscarello reported the object was about 80 or 90 feet long.

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Half an hour later he arrived at the Exeter police station and officers there said the young man was white and hardly able to talk.

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Officer Eugene Bertrand went back to the place of the sighting with Muscarello because an hour before Bertrand and another officer had found two women in a car on Route 101 who told them that a red lighted object had followed them for 12 miles.

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The women were badly frightened.

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Although Bertrand had taken the women's story lightly at the time, when he and Muscarello reached the location of the young man's sighting, the affair took on deeper dimensions.

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They parked the police cruiser and Officer Bertrand told me what happened.

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The bright red object came up over the trees and actually started towards us.

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I got a hold of him and dragged him back into the cruiser.

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At this point Officer Hunt showed up.

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I called in and said that I was going to be out of the cruiser.

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He had started out and he showed up.

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I turned to look back at it and it turned and it had gone down towards the end of the field about 100 yards away.

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All three of us didn't watch that. It had no wings on it.

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It had bright lights around it, red lights.

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It did not give off a beam like many lights give off.

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It had more of a glow like a neon sign.

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There was no plan in the area that night.

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They just watched it head towards the coast and it disappeared over the horizon.

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It made no noise.

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Now the horses and the animals around there apparently could hear some kind of a noise because they were really...

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The horses were kicking the sides of the barn.

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Some people were seeing it before them and they didn't say nothing about it.

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They were saying people laughed at them.

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Bertrand reported that lights on the object glowed in series from side to side as if the object were spinning.

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Mr. John Fuller, a respected journalist for the Saturday Review and other publications,

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spent more than a month thoroughly investigating the Exeter encounters.

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He underlined the reliability of the officers' reports.

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The main thing was that the very graphic and carefully described story that the two very reputable officers in the Exeter Police Department encountered

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and the most impressive thing about it was the fact that it had such a low altitude and so it was so near

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that there could be no mistaking of this object as it might be if it were a higher altitude.

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Siding this to me after careful research indicated a very intense and traumatic encounter.

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And Dr. J. Allen Heineck, Chief Air Force Consultant on UFOs, backed up Fuller and the worth of the sightings.

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The Exeter affair, which seems to be a very interesting one.

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It's been an interesting one. The investigation there is to being handled very nicely by Mr. Fuller.

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Later, other policemen also reported the object and several nights later, Officer Bertrand and other police watched a similar object through binoculars.

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I put them on this object and I could make it out then.

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It looked like a football, but the size of it was not this big, but the shape of the football I should not describe.

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With red lights on it, I also put green lights on it and no wings again, moving in from west to east towards the coast again.

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The Air Force announced that Bertrand and the others had seen KC-97 tankers refueling in flight, even though the objects had hovered motionless and were seen from less than 300 feet away.

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Officer Bertrand was a veteran Air Force pilot with extensive experience in refueling.

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Fuller told me, he is an experienced with all kinds of refueling on KC-97 tankers and on the ground, even by cell numbers.

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So he is far from being experienced, not one to be fooled.

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The sightings were indeed unexplained, but this was a private letter and not a public statement.

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Publicly, the sightings were explained.

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Dr. Harold Brown, incidentally, is the man we heard in last week's installment saying the Air Force is hiding nothing.

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In connection with this, Mr. Fuller told me...

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The New Hampshire Air Force, their hands were tied because of the Air Force regulations, but off the record I picked up an awful lot of material from other officers and pilots up there.

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Mr. Fuller is a veteran Air Force pilot with extensive experience in refueling.

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I asked Mr. Fuller his opinions both before and after the investigation.

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I went up there thinking it was just one case because I was somewhere in the skeptic myself.

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Finally turned out that I had between the people who had decided these almost continuous bases were intelligent and reliable people.

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And as I was checking out their competency and reliability as I did the stories themselves.

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After really thorough research, I had to come to the conclusion that there was only from the evidence that they did exist that they were impossible to reach by the most sophisticated mortuary craft.

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And I have to reach the conclusion that the illiterate military gives the room with the least hold in it.

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Fuller has written a book on the Exeter Affair called Incident at Exeter to be published in July.

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An interesting facet of UFO reports is indicated in still another New Hampshire sighting.

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Officer Berkrand again.

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Hello Officer, he saw this object again tomorrow.

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He came down with some high tension wires.

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The power line connection crops up frequently lately.

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I asked Raymond Fuller, formerly with Air Force Intelligence and now head of the Massachusetts chapter of the National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena, what the possibilities are.

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My own theory is that in many cases where UFOs have been sighted in the vicinity of a blackout, they are responsible in some way but there is no physical proof.

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This is mere speculation.

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You have many, many instances, hundreds of reports from all over the world where UFOs have caused interference to automobile ignition systems, radios, lights, and low electrical apparatus to malfunction.

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The November 9th blackout in the northeast was only one of many around the world at virtually the same time.

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There were blackouts throughout the world.

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Los Angeles, Southern California, 24th of January. There were quite a few blackouts, most of them, they couldn't explain.

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Actually there never has been a completely satisfactory explanation even for the November 9th one.

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No, there are all kinds of theories.

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The many UFO reports before and during the blackouts could be coincidence but most are reliable and it is food for thought.

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New Hampshire has had numerous cases including many handled by P's Air Force Base.

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One of the most outstanding is out of Barney Hill and his wife.

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Their story was run on a front page, a seven day series by the highly respected Boston traveler last fall, much to their chagrin.

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In 1961, Mr. and Mrs. Hill spotted the UFO while driving.

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He'll get out of the car and watch the object through binoculars for several minutes, get back in the car and then drove away.

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They reported their sighting. It attracted little attention.

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Last year, Jack LaTrell, a Boston reporter, dug out the details. The Hills refused to publicly tell all the story.

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Sometime after their experience, they underwent psychohypnosis under Dr. Benjamin Simon, a prominent Boston physician.

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Under hypnosis, according to the Trail, the Hills revealed that they had apparently been taken aboard the UFO, questioned and given a post-hypnotic suggestion to forget everything.

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The central figure in all this, Barney Hill, told me...

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We have been handling this from a scientific point of view that we were interested not in the publicity, but in the gathering of facts about UFOs.

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We did see a UFO.

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In 1964, we did willingly subject ourselves to hypnosis by a reputable physician with the purpose of gathering more data about UFOs in the scientific way.

375
00:44:49,840 --> 00:45:00,840
Not until 1964 did we finally find a reputable psychiatrist to hypnotize us because we did not want anyone to hypnotize us.

376
00:45:00,840 --> 00:45:09,840
We did not want anyone dealing in theatrics. We wanted someone who we felt would be objective about it.

377
00:45:09,840 --> 00:45:24,840
One, you might say, who would be conservative in his thinking about UFOs so that he would not flavor what he would want to find into our minds causing us to do this, but one who is really opposed.

378
00:45:24,840 --> 00:45:28,840
And Jack LaTrell, the reporter who uncovered the story, told me...

379
00:45:28,840 --> 00:45:44,840
I have also listened to 11 hours worth of tape that the cycle hypnotist, Dr. Simon here in Boston, made while these people were in hypnotic trances. This is documented right down the line.

380
00:45:44,840 --> 00:45:49,840
The Hill's never denied the story, nor did they ever try to capitalize on its commercial value.

381
00:45:49,840 --> 00:45:54,840
They turned down network offers, movies and authors, and as a result, a lot of money.

382
00:45:54,840 --> 00:45:59,840
And they still refused to talk about the hypnosis sessions, as does Dr. Simon.

383
00:45:59,840 --> 00:46:04,840
More recently, strange methods of investigation by the Air Force appeared in Wannacue, New Jersey.

384
00:46:04,840 --> 00:46:13,840
Mr. Howard Ball, editor of the Patterson Evening News, spotted a maneuvering and hovering UFO in January near the Wannacue Reservoir.

385
00:46:13,840 --> 00:46:19,840
Reservoir police also spotted the object, as did the mayor of the town, the civil defense director, and several councilmen.

386
00:46:19,840 --> 00:46:21,840
Mr. Ball told me what he saw.

387
00:46:21,840 --> 00:46:31,840
The object was very bright, maybe 11 to 12 times brighter than a ordinary star.

388
00:46:31,840 --> 00:46:37,840
It was coming out of the south-south, the astral retort to the north-northwest.

389
00:46:37,840 --> 00:46:41,840
I had to hurry it for a few seconds, and I just don't know if it...

390
00:46:41,840 --> 00:46:45,840
Sergeant Thompson of the Reservoir police added to his story.

391
00:46:45,840 --> 00:46:55,840
It was...I don't fly in a sort of...well, I set a crazy wave myself, because that's what it looks like.

392
00:46:55,840 --> 00:47:02,840
As it goes up and down, it'll make a square turn.

393
00:47:02,840 --> 00:47:14,840
In fact, it won't round out, it'll just come right straight down, and then boom to the right, shoot back, back up, come back down,

394
00:47:14,840 --> 00:47:22,840
and it just keeps doing that, and then all of a sudden it'll start sailing a straight line, and disappear.

395
00:47:22,840 --> 00:47:26,840
Mr. Ball had reported his sighting to the Stewart Air Force Base.

396
00:47:26,840 --> 00:47:30,840
He told me of the strange series of events that took place.

397
00:47:30,840 --> 00:47:33,840
He asked me what to...

398
00:47:33,840 --> 00:47:40,840
Well, I thought it might be, and I said, well, if it's anything I've ever seen in my life, it might be a helicopter with a big stir-fly down it,

399
00:47:40,840 --> 00:47:49,840
and then an hour or so later I called them, checking the story out, and they suddenly discovered that the helicopter with a big stir-fly down it.

400
00:47:49,840 --> 00:47:53,840
I inquired about the source of their information, and they said it was me.

401
00:47:53,840 --> 00:47:56,840
It was later confirmed that no helicopters had been in the area.

402
00:47:56,840 --> 00:48:00,840
Similar objects were later seen by many police officers.

403
00:48:00,840 --> 00:48:06,840
The helicopter explanation was used by the press initially, and although Project Blue Book never made an investigation,

404
00:48:06,840 --> 00:48:10,840
the sightings were publicly explained two days later as Venus and Jupiter.

405
00:48:10,840 --> 00:48:16,840
Last week in Ohio, two deputy sharers said, we were closer than we ever want to be again.

406
00:48:16,840 --> 00:48:22,840
They were talking of an 86-mile pursuit from Ravenna, Ohio, across the Pennsylvania State Line with the UFO.

407
00:48:22,840 --> 00:48:28,840
Dale Spar and W.L. Neff followed the object at speeds between 80 and 103 miles an hour.

408
00:48:28,840 --> 00:48:32,840
They reported it was 40 feet wide and 18 feet high.

409
00:48:32,840 --> 00:48:38,840
They came within two or three hundred feet of it on several occasions, and reported that it had a definite shape.

410
00:48:38,840 --> 00:48:49,840
A classic example of strange explanations was issued by the Air Force yesterday, when they said what the sheriff and Mr. Neff saw and chased was an artificial satellite and the planet Venus.

411
00:48:49,840 --> 00:48:52,840
Other experts told me this was impossible.

412
00:48:52,840 --> 00:48:58,840
They point out that the satellite would appear only as a distant body of light, and this was a nearby object,

413
00:48:58,840 --> 00:49:03,840
and under no circumstances could the satellite appear to be of the dimensions that the sheriff described.

414
00:49:03,840 --> 00:49:11,840
The satellite's velocity would be considerably higher, and if indeed the sheriff had then spotted Venus after the satellite had disappeared,

415
00:49:11,840 --> 00:49:14,840
why did he report that the object sped off and he lost it?

416
00:49:14,840 --> 00:49:20,840
The Air Force said last week it was awaiting four or five pictures to be processed before completing its evaluation.

417
00:49:20,840 --> 00:49:26,840
Only one was mentioned in their explanation, and that had already proven worthless, the others were ignored.

418
00:49:26,840 --> 00:49:29,840
In many sightings, radar plays an important part.

419
00:49:29,840 --> 00:49:33,840
Radar tracking are sometimes admitted, but more often denied.

420
00:49:33,840 --> 00:49:39,840
Richard Hall, Assistant Director of the National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena, told me...

421
00:49:39,840 --> 00:49:47,840
One of my brothers is a night-cap advisor, and he has over ten years' experience on radar systems.

422
00:49:47,840 --> 00:49:54,840
I discovered recently that a great deal of his experience was on the very types of jet fire control systems

423
00:49:54,840 --> 00:50:02,840
that were found in a number of the radar cases of the 1950s, namely the F-89 and F-94s.

424
00:50:02,840 --> 00:50:11,840
He was quite impressed when he read the reports, particularly those in which the pilots locked on to UFOs with their radar,

425
00:50:11,840 --> 00:50:15,840
and quite often also saw some object visually.

426
00:50:15,840 --> 00:50:21,840
He stated quite firmly that it just was no simple conventional explanation for this sort of thing.

427
00:50:21,840 --> 00:50:29,840
This lock-on system is not such that it can lock on to a temperature inversion, or any nebulous object.

428
00:50:29,840 --> 00:50:33,840
It definitely implies something really solid there.

429
00:50:33,840 --> 00:50:39,840
Even when radar trackings are confirmed visually, they are usually explained away.

430
00:50:39,840 --> 00:50:43,840
One favorite explanation was put forth by Captain Edward Ruppelt,

431
00:50:43,840 --> 00:50:48,840
former head of Project Blue Book in his publication, the report on unidentified flying objects.

432
00:50:48,840 --> 00:50:54,840
Ruppelt said that any objects entering our atmosphere would be picked up on our sophisticated radar.

433
00:50:54,840 --> 00:50:59,840
The same sophisticated radar that made a 1,200-mile error in tracking the Pegasus satellite

434
00:50:59,840 --> 00:51:06,840
that makes frequent omissions during mock bombing runs made by the Air Force and is subject to functional defects.

435
00:51:06,840 --> 00:51:13,840
Other experts say that of the thousands of meteors that enter our atmosphere every day, very few are ever noticed on radar.

436
00:51:13,840 --> 00:51:20,840
And it might be well to note that a new anti-radar device was discovered on the Soviet jet which recently crashed in West Berlin,

437
00:51:20,840 --> 00:51:28,840
which permitted the plane to evade detection in flight, and the thought comes to mind if the Soviets can fool radar, who knows.

438
00:51:28,840 --> 00:51:33,840
And although the Air Force says it is releasing all UFO information and claims no radar trackings,

439
00:51:33,840 --> 00:51:41,840
no photographs, no physical evidence, major dewy fornet, former Air Force Headquarters monitor of Project Blue Book thinks otherwise.

440
00:51:41,840 --> 00:51:48,840
From the evidence that I see, certainly they are not producing very much of it.

441
00:51:48,840 --> 00:51:53,840
In 1956, one of the most controversial cases took place in New York State.

442
00:51:53,840 --> 00:51:58,840
An American Airlines passenger plane was en route from Albany to Syracuse on April 8th.

443
00:51:58,840 --> 00:52:05,840
Its pilot, Captain Raymond Ryan, and its first officer, William Neff, spotted a brilliant light some two miles from them.

444
00:52:05,840 --> 00:52:10,840
They watched while it changed course and maneuvered at about 800 to 1,000 miles an hour.

445
00:52:10,840 --> 00:52:13,840
The control tower confirmed the sighting of an orange colored object.

446
00:52:13,840 --> 00:52:18,840
In the control tower at the time was an Air Force man and a CAA man.

447
00:52:18,840 --> 00:52:23,840
On orders from the tower, Ryan abandoned his next schedule stop and followed the UFO.

448
00:52:23,840 --> 00:52:27,840
They went as far as Lake Superior before turning back to Syracuse.

449
00:52:27,840 --> 00:52:31,840
The pursuit, deviation and flight plan elapsed time.

450
00:52:31,840 --> 00:52:37,840
All are in Captain Ryan's public testimony but are strangely lacking in the official flight logs.

451
00:52:37,840 --> 00:52:41,840
This gave rise to speculation that the logs had been falsified.

452
00:52:41,840 --> 00:52:44,840
Richard Hall, Assistant Director of NYCAP told me...

453
00:52:44,840 --> 00:52:50,840
We do have a tape recording of the program and with Captain Ryan and his first officer, Neff,

454
00:52:51,840 --> 00:52:59,840
describing exactly what we state that they did go off course at the request of the area Air Force Base

455
00:52:59,840 --> 00:53:03,840
and did pursue an unidentified object.

456
00:53:03,840 --> 00:53:10,840
And this later was completely denied by all concerned except that Captain Ryan wasn't talking.

457
00:53:10,840 --> 00:53:18,840
The company denied it and the Civil Herodontics Board and FAA denied it later.

458
00:53:19,840 --> 00:53:21,840
We have the documented proof of it.

459
00:53:21,840 --> 00:53:26,840
Even though Ryan's testimony was a matter of record, the entire affair was denied

460
00:53:26,840 --> 00:53:33,840
and Dr. Donald Manziel of Harvard University in his book concurred with the official explanation that the sightings had been Venus.

461
00:53:33,840 --> 00:53:40,840
Major Dewey Fornette, former Project Blue Book Monitor, had this to say about Manziel and his connection with UFOs.

462
00:53:40,840 --> 00:53:46,840
Whatever Dr. Manziel said, I've taken cover of about ten different pieces and throw away a hundred of...

463
00:53:46,840 --> 00:53:48,840
Man is not a scientist, my opinion.

464
00:53:48,840 --> 00:53:55,840
Well, he's got a vendetta. He made his money with Look in 1952 and he's been stuck with his approach to it ever since.

465
00:53:55,840 --> 00:53:59,840
That was his first publication when he first explained all of these things.

466
00:53:59,840 --> 00:54:05,840
Before he wrote his book, it was in answer to Bob Ghanay's article in Life.

467
00:54:05,840 --> 00:54:11,840
Let's face it, Bob Ghanay put this thing together, all the facts that he could gather.

468
00:54:11,840 --> 00:54:17,840
He gave life access to our files, everything but the confidential material.

469
00:54:17,840 --> 00:54:24,840
He researched it himself and he put it together and then his conclusion was in the form of a question, what part of it?

470
00:54:24,840 --> 00:54:32,840
Look got into the act by accepting an offer from Manziel to come up with their answer to it.

471
00:54:32,840 --> 00:54:40,840
Manziel came over and I told him for the better part of the day and he talked to a number of other people, the director of intelligence.

472
00:54:40,840 --> 00:54:45,840
We offered him access to the same material that Bob Ghanay had naturally.

473
00:54:45,840 --> 00:54:53,840
He saw fit to turn us down. He figured that he had enough of his own material, didn't complete his research,

474
00:54:53,840 --> 00:55:01,840
published his article in which he explained it the way he had refraction and reflection and such things as this.

475
00:55:01,840 --> 00:55:07,840
And this is where the temperature inversion first jumped into the picture few first.

476
00:55:07,840 --> 00:55:13,840
But the way he did it, not a scientific approach. That's been his postural along.

477
00:55:13,840 --> 00:55:17,840
He stands up and says, don't challenge me, I know everything.

478
00:55:17,840 --> 00:55:23,840
There are many similar cases of airliners, military and private pilots reports since World War II.

479
00:55:23,840 --> 00:55:26,840
We'll briefly outline two of the more notable examples.

480
00:55:26,840 --> 00:55:32,840
In 1953, Air Defense Command radar spotted the UFO over Lake Superior.

481
00:55:32,840 --> 00:55:36,840
An F-89 jet from Kinross Air Force Base was sent to intercept.

482
00:55:36,840 --> 00:55:41,840
Radar watched the two blips on the screen's merge and then fade from view.

483
00:55:41,840 --> 00:55:43,840
No trace of the jet was ever found.

484
00:55:43,840 --> 00:55:51,840
The Air Force explained the UFO as a Canadian C-47 and said the jet had identified it, started back to base and then disappeared.

485
00:55:51,840 --> 00:56:00,840
This did not agree with the radar tracking and the Royal Canadian Air Force roundly denied having any record of such an encounter with an American plane.

486
00:56:00,840 --> 00:56:10,840
Coincidence perhaps is the fact that the Kinross case took place in nearly the same spot as the tracking of 10 UFOs by radar a few months ago near Kavanaugh Peninsula.

487
00:56:10,840 --> 00:56:13,840
Equally well known is the Killian case.

488
00:56:13,840 --> 00:56:22,840
Captain Peter Killian of American Airlines and several other pilots reported UFOs over Pennsylvania in 1959 during a routine flight.

489
00:56:22,840 --> 00:56:25,840
Their reports were confirmed by ground sightings.

490
00:56:25,840 --> 00:56:30,840
The Air Force first explained the sightings as Orion seen through broken clouds.

491
00:56:30,840 --> 00:56:32,840
There was no overcast that night.

492
00:56:32,840 --> 00:56:37,840
Then they changed the tune to KC-97 tankers refueling.

493
00:56:37,840 --> 00:56:47,840
Captain Killian told the Long Island Deerley Press that he was familiar with KC-97s in both day and night operations and he flakily rejected the explanation.

494
00:56:47,840 --> 00:56:55,840
Later, according to NYCAP, the Air Force circulated an unsigned statement allegedly from Captain Killian saying that and we quote,

495
00:56:55,840 --> 00:57:02,840
Never having seen KC-97 tankers in operation at night, I am not aware of the lighting of the jet tanker.

496
00:57:02,840 --> 00:57:07,840
These are merely sparse details from many interesting reports of a similar nature.

497
00:57:07,840 --> 00:57:11,840
Radioactivity has also played a part in UFO sightings.

498
00:57:11,840 --> 00:57:18,840
In one typical case, a man reported that a UFO followed his car in Virginia, then landed in the field near the road.

499
00:57:18,840 --> 00:57:23,840
The Air Force teams went to the area and reported no trace of radioactivity.

500
00:57:23,840 --> 00:57:28,840
Two weeks later, two engineers went back and reported considerable radioactivity.

501
00:57:28,840 --> 00:57:31,840
Major Donald Kehoe, director of NYCAP, told me,

502
00:57:31,840 --> 00:57:41,840
These were two dupe-on-engineers well-corrified to operate Tiger Connors and what in the air they found the ground was highly radioacted.

503
00:57:41,840 --> 00:57:48,840
That is very good because nobody can say, well, I kept set people in there hoping to find it.

504
00:57:48,840 --> 00:57:53,840
I know nobody's going to choose our scientist and engineer to make full statements.

505
00:57:53,840 --> 00:57:57,840
These men are competent and we're not going to put the thing on the record by his name.

506
00:57:57,840 --> 00:58:00,840
Time limits our discussion of foreign sightings.

507
00:58:00,840 --> 00:58:03,840
There have been hundreds from virtually every corner of the earth.

508
00:58:03,840 --> 00:58:09,840
Many landings have also been reported, but these are not as frequent and have not been as thoroughly investigated.

509
00:58:09,840 --> 00:58:18,840
One of the major problems in this area and in most areas regarding UFOs is lack of intensive objective scientific investigation.

510
00:58:18,840 --> 00:58:22,840
Skeptics point out that no really concrete evidence has been gathered.

511
00:58:22,840 --> 00:58:30,840
While this is not entirely true by any means, it is a fact that very little effort by the majority of the scientific community has been made.

512
00:58:30,840 --> 00:58:38,840
Taking the entire subject a step further, what are the possibilities of life on neighboring planets or relatively near star systems?

513
00:58:38,840 --> 00:58:42,840
The planet Mars has long been at the center of the controversy.

514
00:58:42,840 --> 00:58:51,840
America's recent Mariner 4 expedition sent back photographs of the red planet and although they were generally disappointing, they did have their interesting parts.

515
00:58:51,840 --> 00:58:57,840
I asked Dr. William Pickering of the Jet Propulsion Labs in California, director of the project.

516
00:58:57,840 --> 00:59:06,840
Would you say from your experience that the possibility of the canals could be ruled out or is it still open to debate?

517
00:59:06,840 --> 00:59:12,840
Well, I think it's open for debate on the ground, but those photographs only cover about one percent of the samples.

518
00:59:12,840 --> 00:59:22,840
When the Mariner photos were first released, there were quite a few people that had said that the photographs ruled out the possibility of life on Mars.

519
00:59:22,840 --> 00:59:32,840
Yes, I have given to this frequently as the first 20,000 photographs of the Earth was only one which showed us the life on Earth.

520
00:59:32,840 --> 00:59:39,840
What about the famed canals? Dr. Frank Salisbury, well-known exobiologist of Colorado State University.

521
00:59:39,840 --> 01:00:04,840
I guess it is true. I can see what I think are linear markings on some of the pictures and applied tone down, published a paper which I don't have it yet come across, but I saw a report of it in the papers in which he said that he saw a number of canals in places where he had seen them visually through the telescope.

522
01:00:04,840 --> 01:00:10,840
This one was pointed out by the people at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory too.

523
01:00:10,840 --> 01:00:20,840
I saw another one which overlaps two pictures and consequently is kind of a good one. I mean, it's a little easier to believe it when it's on two pictures.

524
01:00:20,840 --> 01:00:27,840
They're kind of marginal and it's nice to be able to see them on two pictures, so you can feel pretty good about it.

525
01:00:27,840 --> 01:00:42,840
There are some rather interesting linear markings. I'd say that they're probably on the order of one to two miles wide, although I suppose they could be narrower than that if they were very brilliant wide or something like that.

526
01:00:42,840 --> 01:00:50,840
Curiously, a mysterious UFO was reported near the Canberra Australia tracking station when Mariner was taking its Mars pictures.

527
01:00:50,840 --> 01:00:54,840
Another nearby tracking station had difficulty receiving at the time.

528
01:00:54,840 --> 01:01:01,840
Our other nearby neighbor in space is Venus, about which startlingly new discoveries are being made.

529
01:01:01,840 --> 01:01:07,840
A man who has made a thorough study of Venus is Dr. Frank Strong of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore.

530
01:01:07,840 --> 01:01:11,840
I asked him if certain areas of Venus could support life as we know it.

531
01:01:11,840 --> 01:01:31,840
Certainly yes. We don't want to be definite, but we don't want people who interpret the microwave temperatures as high surface temperatures everywhere to be quite as definite as they are either because we're just at the beginning of understanding this business of Venus

532
01:01:31,840 --> 01:01:38,840
and they're trying to put the lid on it and see it would seem.

533
01:01:38,840 --> 01:01:56,840
I think that our interpretation might appear to be a rather disturbing one, but it's not quite as disturbing as the jumping to fate that they have in those gens.

534
01:01:56,840 --> 01:02:04,840
And what about relatively near star systems? Walter Webb, chief lecturer in astronomy at Charles Hayden Planetarium in Boston.

535
01:02:04,840 --> 01:02:12,840
Astronomically, what chances are there of life in relatively nearby star systems and which ones might be involved?

536
01:02:12,840 --> 01:02:17,840
There's a book out that you might want to read. It's called Habitable Planets for Man.

537
01:02:17,840 --> 01:02:22,840
It's a Rand Corporation study made several years ago. It's quite good.

538
01:02:22,840 --> 01:02:31,840
And they discuss the possibilities of some of the nearby stars similar to our own sun that might have planets going around them.

539
01:02:31,840 --> 01:02:46,840
And up to 10% of the stars in our neighborhood, when they say neighborhood, that means that goes out to 100 light years maybe, but up to 10% of them are like our own sun in size and age, temperature.

540
01:02:46,840 --> 01:02:50,840
What about our nearest star system neighbors, Alpha Centauri?

541
01:02:50,840 --> 01:02:59,840
The main star is the same type, practically the same type as our own. And so is the larger component of the pair.

542
01:02:59,840 --> 01:03:05,840
And Proxima itself is not. It's an M type red star, red dwarf.

543
01:03:05,840 --> 01:03:16,840
So these two of the three stars are very similar to the sun. And they could be that some of these dwarfs are even closer to us than the opposite dwarf.

544
01:03:16,840 --> 01:03:22,840
Mr. George Early, president of the Connecticut chapter of NYCAP, set in connection with this.

545
01:03:22,840 --> 01:03:34,840
The public has become better educated in the last 15 years to the idea that we are not necessarily the only life form in this entire galaxy.

546
01:03:34,840 --> 01:03:49,840
Publications by serious scientific authors, by respected scientific science writers like Walter Sullivan of the New York Times have pointed out that it is very likely that we are not alone.

547
01:03:50,840 --> 01:03:58,840
The possibilities are staggering. Time has of necessity limited our examination of the subject to mere fragments, but the substance is there.

548
01:03:58,840 --> 01:04:06,840
Suffice it to say there are countless other cases, contradictions and volumes of controversy. We have just scratched the surface.

549
01:04:06,840 --> 01:04:11,840
But we've tried to give a general picture of a most complicated and often misunderstood drama.

550
01:04:11,840 --> 01:04:24,840
We wish to thank the National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena, 1536 Connecticut Avenue, Northwest Washington, D.C., for giving us permission to use its extensive files on UFOs and related material.

551
01:04:24,840 --> 01:04:29,840
We highly recommend that interested persons contact NYCAP for more information.

552
01:04:29,840 --> 01:04:37,840
We also recommend contacting Project Blue Book based at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, for the official side of the story.

553
01:04:37,840 --> 01:04:44,840
We leave the conclusions to you, but bear in mind that today's fact is often tomorrow's fiction and vice versa.

554
01:04:44,840 --> 01:04:51,840
It was just 25 years ago when the atom bomb was being developed that Admiral William Leahy, former chief of staff said,

555
01:04:51,840 --> 01:04:57,840
This is the most foolish thing we've ever done. It will never go off and I speak as an expert on explosives.

556
01:04:58,840 --> 01:05:07,840
At the turn of the century, rear Admiral George Melville, chief engineer for the Navy said, attempts to fly heavier-than-air vehicles are absurd.

557
01:05:07,840 --> 01:05:14,840
We have come far, but man's knowledge can never be complete. This is Jim Nettleton. Good night.

558
01:05:57,840 --> 01:05:59,840
Thank you.